Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes caused by high blood sugar level affecting the eyes. The duration of diabetes appears to be an important risk factor for fractures. Chronic hyperglycemia is widely documented to have an effect on bone health, causing fragility, mechanical strength decrease and an increased susceptibility to fracture due to altered bone matrix microstructure and aberrant bone cell function, despite normal or increasing bone mineral density (BMD)

 

 

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